For constant signals, this impedance can also be constant. Impedance is the opposition by a system to the flow of energy from a source.
The concept of impedance matching is widespread in electrical engineering, but is relevant in other applications in which a form of energy, not necessarily electrical, is transferred between a source and a load, such as in acoustics or optics. Practical impedance-matching devices will generally provide best results over a specified frequency band. Techniques of impedance matching include transformers, adjustable networks of lumped resistance, capacitance and inductance, or properly proportioned transmission lines. Signals on a transmission line will be transmitted without reflections if the transmission line is terminated with a matching impedance. For example, impedance matching typically is used to improve power transfer from a radio transmitter via the interconnecting transmission line to the antenna. Often, the desired value is selected to maximize power transfer or minimize signal reflection. In electronics, impedance matching is the practice of designing or adjusting the input impedance or output impedance of an electrical device for a desired value.
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